Printing or recording telegraph



5 Sheets- Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

Z. T. LILLARD 8v U. ERHARD. PRINTING OR RECORDING TELEGRAPH.

No. 482,015. Patented Sept. 6, 1892.

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PRINTING 0R RECORDING TBLBGRA'PH. No. 482,015. Patented Sept. 6,1892.

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(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 3.

Zt T. LILLARD 8v U. ERHARD.

PRINTING 0R REGORDING TBLBGRAPH. Ne. 482,015. Patented Sept. 6, 1892.

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(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 4. -vZ. T. LILLARD 8v U. ERHARD.

PRINTING OR'REGORDING TELBGRAPH.

No. 482,015. Patented Sept. 6, 1892..

W///////l//l//////// (No Model.) I 5 Sheets-Sheet 5, Z. T. LILLARD & U.ERHARD.

PRINTING 0R RECORDING TELEGIIAPH. No. 482,015. Patented Sept. 6, 1892.

, UNITED STATES PATENT union.'

ZACI'IARY T. LILLARD AND URSINUS ERHARD, OF KANSAS CITY, MISSOURI.

PRINTING OR RECORDING TELEGRAPH.

SPECIFICATIoNfOrming part of Letters Patent Nb. 482,015, dated septembere, 1892.

Application filed January 23, 1892. Serial No. 419,031. (No model.)

.T0 all whom t may concern.-

Be it known that we, ZACHARY T. LILLARD and URSINUS ERHARD, of KansasCity, Jackson county, Missouri, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Printing or Recording Telegraphs, of which the followingis a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings, forming a part hereof.

Our invention relates to that class of telegraphic apparatus the sendingand receiving instruments of which are designed to be operated bypersons who are not familiar with the usual dot-and-dash or sound codesof telegraphy.

The objects of ourinvention are to produce a telegraphic apparatus bymeans of which the messages can be sent and received directly in writtenor printed form and in the written or printed language of the sender,and in which also each instrument shall serve both as atransmitting-instrument and as a receiving-instrument.

A further object of our invention is to produce a telegraphic apparatusin which each character of one instrument shall be in direct electricalconnection with the like character of another instrument or with likecharacters of other instruments, whereby great speed and accuracy ofdelivery and reception shall be insured; furthermore, to produce atelegraphicv apparatus in which each instrument shall be capable ofrapid and accurate manipulation by a person unfamiliar with thesound-code and which when operating as a receiver shall require noattention by an operator.

To the above purposes our inventlon consists in certain peculiar andnovel features of construction and arrangement, as hereinafter describedand claimed.

In order that our invention may be fully understood, we will proceed todescribe it with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which-Figure 1 is a diagrammatic plan view of a telegraphic apparatusembodying our invention, two transmitting and receiving instrumentsbeing' shown as properly connected in circuit. Fig. 2 is a frontelevation of one of the transmitting and receiving instruments. Fig. 3is an irregular vertical longitudinal section of the same on the line 33 of Fig. 2. Fig. 4. is a horizontal section of the same on the line 4t4. of Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is a detached perspective view, on an enlargedscale, of one of the armature-levers and its immediate electrical andmechanical operative connections. Fig. 6 is a transverse verticalsection of one of the transmitting and receiving instruments on the line6 6 of Fig. 2, showing the weight for revolving theimpression-cylind erand certain of the immediate connections of said weight. Fig. 7 isadetached View in side elevation of the train of gearing for transmittingthe motion of the impression-cylinder to the presser-rolls. 8 is adetached perspective view of one of the hangers for the ribbon-spools.Fig. 9 is a detached perspective view of one of the ribbon-spools. Fig.10 is a detached perspective view of one of the guide-rollers for theinking-ribbon. Fig. 11 is a detached view, in longitudinal section, ofone end portion of the lower paper-feeding roller with its gear-Wheeland sprocket-hub. Fig. 12 comprises detached perspective views of theclamping devices for the strap of the impression-cylinder weight. Fig.13 is a detached view, partly in side elevation and partly in transversevertical section, of one of the armaturemagnets. Fig. 14. is a view,partly in front elevation and partly in vertical longitudinal section,of the upper part of one of the armature-lever standards and the pivotalconnection for said lever.- Fig. 15 is a View, partly in side elevationand partly in vertical section, of one of the tension attachments forthe armature-levers. Fig. 16 is a view, partly in side elevation andpartly in vertical section, of one of the keys and its immediateattachments. Fig. 17 isadetached perspective View of one of the sleevesfor the keylstems.

Vte will iirst proceed to describe the construction of one of thetransmitting and receiving instruments, then the connections of a numberof the instruments, and finally the operation of the ent're apparatus.

Referring first to he drawings, excepting Fig. 1, 27"L designates thebase of one of the transmitting and receiving instruments, the said basebeing either of wood or of metal, as

preferred, and preferably, also, of oblong rectangular form, as shown.This base is insis Ico

tended to be supported upon a suitable desk, table, or similarstructure, so as to occupya horizontal position. Upon the upper side otthis base is placed a bottom board 27, which is preferably of wood or ofother non-conducting material and which conforms approximately to theshape ot the base 27a. Upon the'base 27"' is also supported a top casing1, which is either of sheet metal or of wood veneer or other suitablematerial and which incloses a space or compartment immediately above thebottom board 27, such space or compartment extending the full length andwidth of the base of the machine, and the front,- rear, and side marginsot' the top casing 1 being bent downward so as to rest upon the base279" near the margins of the saine. The electro-magnets, armatures, andother electrical connections of the instrument are mounted in the rearportion of the instrument, ashereinatter more fully explained, while thecircuit closing and breaking keys are mounted in the iront portion ofsaid instrument.

Within the front portion of the compartment, which is inclosed by thetop casing 1 of the machine, is located a horizontal rectangularpartition 4E, which may be either of wood or of metal, as preferred, andwhich extends from the front toward the rear of the machine and alsofrom side to side ofthe same, as shown, and which may be u sed forseparating the two sets of wires hereinafter described. The frontportion of the casing 1 preferably inclines downward and forward, whilethe rear portion of said casing is horizontal, and upon the horizontalportion of the casing are mounted four vertical standards 58. Thesestandards 58 are provided at their lower ends with feet or flanges 59,which are riveted, screwed, or otherwise securely connected to the topot the casing 1, so as to firmly retain the standards thereon. At theirupper portions tliese standards 58 are connected front, rear, and sidecross-bars 60, four in number and which compose a rectangular horizontalframe.

Between the upper parts ot' the standards 58 and at a point just belowthe crossbars 60 is mounted the circular horizontal yoke-frame 7 ot' themachine, this yoke-.frame being supported in its required position byanumber of horizontal bracket-arms 7, which extend inwardly from theupper parts ot` the standards 58 and the outer ends of which are rivetedor otherwise secured to the standards 58, while the inner ends of thearuisare similarly secured to the yoke-frame. Qn its inner side theyoke-frame 7 is formed with a number of inwardly-extendingpivot-brackets 8, which are arranged in pairs, and between each pair ofwhich is interposed the upper end of o ne of the type-carryin g levers10 5 a circular pivot-rod 9 extending transversely through the brackets8 and also similarly through the iinder ends of the levers 10. Thesetype-carry `inor levers are pendent levers and are arranged b 1 incircular series, as shown, so as to form a nest, and so that each typeshall strike a certain central point when raised as animpression of thetype is desired to be made. To the outer extremity of the upper endportion ot' each of these type-levers 10 is connected pivotally theupper end of a pull-rod 15, the arrangement being such that a downwardpull upon either of the rods 15 shall cause the lower end of thecorresponding typecarrying lever 10 to rise quickly and impart thedesired impression from its type. To the lower end of each ot thesepull-rods is connected a suitable turnbuckle 16, and to each of theseturnbuckles is connected the upper end ot' a connecting-rod 15, thelower ends of said connecting-rods being in turn pivotally attached, asat 15b, to the free end of a corresponding armature-lever 17.

As above stated, the magnets of the armature-levers are mounted upon therear part of the bottom board 27 ol' the machine and are arranged incircular oider, so as to attain the utmost compactness consistent withthe required operations of the machine. Each of the magnets is providedwith the usual coils or spools 311, and has the usual yoke 31, the cores32 of the magnets extending longitudinally through the coils or spoolsand the coils being confined between the usual heads 33. Each of thearmature-levers 17 carries near one end a transverse arm ature-bar 30,which lies directly above the upper ends of the magnet-cores 32 andwhich is preferably secured by screws or rivets 30ad to two lugs or arms29, which project laterally from the armature-lever. At a point nearerthis end each armature-lever 17 is provided with two oppositely-disposedoutwardly-exteuding arms 18, which are interposed between the arms of afork which is formed at the upper end of a vertical standard 21. Thisstandard has at its lower end a foot or flange 22, which is secured by ascrew 23 to the bottom board 27 of the machine. Two bearing screws 20are inserted oppositely through openings in the upper extremities of thefork of the standard, and the inner ends ot said screws enter recessesin the outer ends of the arms 18 of the lever 17, thus forming thepivot-supports of said lever. Through this extremity of thearmature-lever 17 is passed a Vertical tension-bolt 24:, to the upperend of which is connected a regulating-nut 28, said nut impinging uponthe upper side of the lever. The lower end of the bolt 24 is formed withan eye 25, into which isinserted the upper end of a spiralretracting-spring 26, the lower end of which is suitably secured to thebottom board 27 of the machine, and the tendency of said spring being toraise the armature 30 upward oiit of contact with the core of thecorresponding magnet.

Upon the bottom board 27 oi the machine at a point adjacent to the free.extremity of the armature-lever 17 is placed a vertical standard 202,having at its lower end a foot or iiange 203, through which passes ascrew 204, so as to secure the standard in position.

IIC

At its upper end this standard 2 02 is formed with an arm 201, whichextends at right angles from the standard and which overlies thearmature-lever 17. Through the arm 201 works a screw 200, the lower endof which reaches near to the upper side of the lever 17 and which servesto properly limit the upward movement of said lever.

below the upper end of said standard, projects laterally an arm 201,which underlies the armature-lever 17 and which carries anupwardly-extending regulating-screw 200th Thus the armature-levers 17Work vertically between the regulating-screws 200 and 200 and the lengthot vibrations of the levers is regulated by turning said screws in oneor the opposite direction. One of the wires 35 leads from one ot' thecoils 34 to a binding-post 37 and thence to the key attachments, ashereinafter described, while the other wires 36 lead to binding-posts 41and thence to the line-cable, as also hereinafter described.

The posts 3 of the keys ot' the machine are in the form ot shortcylinders, which are of non-conducting material and which extendvertically upward through suitable openings 5 in the partitions 4 andalso through the frontportionof thetopcasingl. Attheirlower ends theseposts are formed with anges or feet 45, through which extendattachingscrews 44, which enter the bottom board 27, and thus securelyattach the posts to said board. In the lower ends of these posts areinserted plugs 47, which are of metal or other conducting material andwhich are retained in position by retaining-screws 52, said screws beinginserted upward through the lower ends of the posts 3 and into the lowerends of the plugs. The upper ends of the plugs 47 come into contact withinternal circular horizontal shoulders 48, which are formed integrallywith the said posts 3 and which are provided with central verticalpassages 53, for a purpose to be presently explained. Each of the plugs47 is formed with a horizontal recess or cavity 49, into which isinserted one end of a wire 51, the end of this wire being retainedinsaid recess or cavity by means of the screw 52, before referred to.These wires 5l extend from the recesses or cavities 49 through openings50, which are formed in the sides of the posts 3 and in alignment withthe outer ends of the recesses or cavities. From these openings 50 thewires 51 extend to the battery 51, which is connected in the usualmanner to ground. Within each key-post 3 is inserted a tubular shell 42,which is of metal or other conducting material, the said shells beinglocated within the upper ends of these posts. The wires 36 extendthrough these posts 3 and are connected to the shells 42 and extend fromsaid shells to the line-cable. and thence to the magnets of the otherinstrument or instruments ofthe system. From this description and fromthe drawings it will be seen that the keys ot each instrument are Fromone side of each of these standards 202, at a point connected to thelocal battery of said instrument and then to ground, and also eachthrough the line to the corresponding magnet of the other instrument inthe system, while the magnets of each instrument are also connected tothe battery 51a ofsaid instrument and thence to the ground, and thateach magnet is connected through the line to the corresponding key ofthe other instrument of the system. The upper end of each key-post 3 isprovided with a cap 54, having a Vcentral vertical opening 54, throughwhich extends the stem 55 of the corresponding key 55a.

i The head of each of these keys 55a is preferably of disk form and isdesignated by a letter, numeral, punctuation-mark, or other signcorresponding to that of the type to which itV is connected in circuit.Each stem 55 extends downward through the opening 54a of the cor'responding cap 54 and also into the opening 52 of the correspondingshell 3, and at a point within each shell 3 each stein is formed with anenlargement or collar 57, which works within the shell. A spiral spring56 vsurrounds the lower part of each key-stem 55 and is inclosed withineach shell 52, and is also, interposed between the upper side of theshoulder 48 and the lower end of the collar or enlargement 57 of thestem, the tendency of said spring being to retain the key and its stemin its elevated position and to return said key and stem to suchposition after it has been depressed by an operator. Such depression ofthe key causes the lower end of the stem to pass through the-opening 49of the shoulder 4S, and thus come into contact with the upper end of theplug 47 and close the' circuit, the current flowing through the plug 47,key-stem 55, and shell 42 to the corresponding wire 36 and through theline to the corresponding magnet of the other instrument, and thuscausing the armature of said magnet to operate the correspondingtype-carrying lever of the other instrument, and consequently to imprintthe character impressed upon the key which is depressed.

Immediately above the nest of type-levers 10 and supported upon thecross-bars 60 of the standards 58 of the machine are the impression andpresser rolls and their attachments, which we will now proceed todescribe: 63 designates the impression-cylinder of the machine, thiscylinder being of hard rubber or ot any other suitable or preferredmaterial and of such length as to extend horizontally across the nestfrom side to side of the machine, as shown. The ends ot the shaft 64n ofthis impression-cylinder are journaled in suitable bearings 64, whichare bolted upon the upper sides of the side cross-bars 60 of themachine, and at one end of this shaft carries a gear-wheel 65, thepurpose ot' which will be presently explained.

67 designates the lower presser and guide roller of the machine, thisroller being ot' felt, soft rubber, or any other suitable or preferredmaterial, and said roll extending horizontally IOO of the machine fromside to side of the same and parallel with the impression-cylinder 63.At one end the shaft 68 of this lower presserroller carries a gear-wheel66, the teeth of which mesh with the teeth of the gear-wheel 65 of theimpression-cylinder. rlhe ends of the shaft 68 are journaled in suitablebearings 69, which are secured upon the upper sides of the sidecross-pieces 60 of the Inachine-frame by suitable bolts or in othersuitable or preferred manner.

70 designates the upper guide or presser roller, this roller being alsoof felt, soft rubber, or any other suitable or preferred material. Thisroller 70 extends horizontally across the machine above the lower roller67 and parallel therewith, and its shaft 69 is journaled in suitablebearings 71, which are vsuitably secured upon suitable supports 7 2,these supports being, preferably, of inverted- U shape and riveted orotherwise secured at their lower ends to the uppersides of the sidecross-bars 60 of the machine-frame and extending upward therefrom. Atone end the shaft 69 of the upper presser-roll carries a gear-wheel 69h,the teeth of which mesh with the teeth of the gear-wheel 66 of the lowerpresser-roll.

Upon that end of the shaft 64 of the impression-cylinder which carriesthe gearwheel 65 is mounted a drum 88, which is keyed or otherwisesecured upon the shaft so as to turn therewith. To the periphery of thisdrum is connected the upper end of a strap 90 or a band or othersuitable iiexible connection, which is designed to be wound upon thedrum and to the lower end of which is attached a suitable weight 91.This weight works within a guide tube or casing 92, which is secured invertical position to the side of the bench, table, or other support uponwhich the entire machine is mounted.

93 designates a guide-plate, whichis of approximately U form in crosssection, and which is secured in vertical position to the outer side ofthe top casing 1 of the machine at a point directly below the drum 88.At a point about midway of its length the guideplate 93 is formed withan internally-screwthreaded opening 98, in which works the stem of aclamping-screw 97, the stem of this screw also extending into and beingswiveled in the middle of a clamping -plate 99, which conforms in widthwith the clamping-plate 93. The surface of this clamping-plate 99, whichis away from the surface of the guide-plate 93, may be roughened orserrated, if desired, and the strap, band, or flexible connection 90extends between said guide and clamping plates and the adjacent side ofthe machine, the arrangement being such that by turning the screw 97 inone direction the plate 99 will engage and hold the flexible connection90 against the side of the machine-frame, and by turning the screw inthe opposite direction the plate 99 will release said flexibleconnection and permit the weight 91 to descend, and thus rotate theimpression-roll 63 and the upper and lower presser-rolls, for a purposeto be hereinafter explained.

In order to avoid frictional wear, due to the direct contact of theflexible connection 90 against the upper end' of the guide-plate 93, ahorizontal roller 95 is mounted in the upper end of said guide-plate,the spindles 94 of said roller being journaled in a cut-away portion 96of the plate.

74designatetwopendentinverted-U-shaped brackets, which aresecured onebeneath the front cross-bar 60 of the machine and one beneath the rearcross-bar 60 of the same, said brackets being located midway of thelength of said cross-bars.

Between the pendent arms of the brackets 74 are interposed two inking-ribbon spools or reels 7 7, the shafts 75 and 7 6 of said spools orreels being journaled horizontally in the lower ends of said brackets.The front shaft 75 projects at one end through one of the bracket-armsand carries a suitable crankarm 78, while to that end of the spool orreel which is farthest from the crank-arm are formed or suitably secureda number of radial teeth or serrations 79. These teeth or serrations areengaged by a spring-detent 80, which is preferably of approximately Vform in cross-section and which is carried at the lower end of aspring-arm 81, said arm being suitably secured t-o the inner side of thecorresponding pendent arm of the front bracket 74, and the resilience ofthe arm causing the detent to always engage one of the notches betweensaid teeth or serrations. Immediately above each spool or reel 77 islocated a horizontal rod 82, the ends of which are inserted in the upperparts of the bracket-arms and which are surrounded loosely by a rolleror sleeve 83, the ribbon 83a extending over said rollers from front torear of the machineframe and being wound upon the spools or reels 77.The arrangement is such that the detent 80 prevents any retrogrademovement of the spools or reels 77, excepting such as is produced by thecrank-arm 78 when properly operated. One end of the rear spool-shaft 76is extended beyond the pendent arm of the bracket 7 4c and is journaledin the lower end of a pendent hanger 84, which is secured at its upperend to the rear cross-bar 60 of the machine-frame. Near this end theshaft 76 carries a sprocket-wheel 85, over which runs a sprocket-chain86. This sprocket-chain 86 runs, also, over a sprocket-hub 87, whichextends inwardly from the gear-wheel 66 of the lower presser-roller 67and which surrounds the corresponding end of said roller. Thearrangement is such that when the descending weight 91 revolves theimpression-cylinder the latter shall, acting through the lowerpresser-roller and sprocket-chain 86, revolve the rear spool 77, so asto wind the inkingribbon upon said spool and so, also, as to un- IOO IZO

wind said ribbon from the front spool 77.

Thestrip of paper 102, upon which the messages are printed,is unwoundfromreel 104, the shaft or axle 103 of which is mounted horizontally inthe forked upper ends 105 of two vertical standards 101, the lower endsor feet 100 ot' said standards being bent at right angles to the bodyportions of the standards and bolted, riveted, or otherwisesuitablysecured to the upper side of the front cross-bar 60 of the machine. Fromthis description it will be seen that whenever one of the keys 55a of atransmitting-instrument is depressed the circuit between that key andthe corresponding magnet of a similar receiving-instrument is closed andthe corresponding type on thereceivinginstrumentwillbebroughtintoprintingaction. At the same time thecorresponding type of the transmitting-instrument will be brought intoprinting action, and hence a simultaneous duplication or repetition ofthe message Will he effected. It will also be seen that direct andpositive operation is secured and that messages in anylanguage may betransmitted and received, and also that cipher and other messages can behandled, even by unskilled operators, with rapidity and reliableaccuracy.

Having thus described our invention, what we claim as new therein, anddesire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. A printing or recording telegraph apparatus comprising a receiverconsisting ot` a number of pivotal type-carrying bars, a number ofelectro-magnets, each having its armature mechanically connected to oneof the type-carrying bars, an impression-cylinder journaled above thetype-carrying bars, a presser-roll geared to the impression-cylinder, adrum carried by the impression-cylinder, a band wound upon the drum andcarrying a gravity-weight, a sprocket-wheel carried by the presser-roll,a pair of ribbon-feeding spools journaled at opposite points relative tothe impression-cylinder, a sprocket-wheel carried by one of the spools,and a sprocket-chain running over the sprocket-Wheels of said spool androll, substantially as set forth.

2. A printing or recording telegraph apparatus comprising a receiverconsisting of a number of pivotal type-carrying bars, a number ofelectro-magnets, each having its armature mechanically connected to oneof the type-carrying bars, an impression cylinder journaled above thetypecarrying bars, a lower presser-roll geared t0 the impressioncylinderand an upper presser-roll geared to the lower presser-roll, a drumcarried by the impression-cylinder, a band connected to the drum, and agravity-weight connected to the band, substantially as set forth.

A printing or recording telegraph apparatus comprising a receiverconsisting of a number of pivotal type-carrying bars, a nu 1nber ofelectro-magnets, each having its armature mechanically connected to oneof said type-carrying bars, an impression cylinder journaled above thetypecarrying bars, a presser-roll geared to theimpression-cylinder, adrum, a band wound upon said drum and carrying a gravity-weight, asprocket-Wheel carried ,by the presser-roll, a pair of ribbonfeedingspools journaled at opposite points relative to the impression-cylinder,a sprocket-wheel carried by one of the spools, a sprocket-chain runningover said sprocket-wheel and over the sprocket-wheel of thepresser-roll, a number of teeth or serrations carried by the oppositespool, and a spring-detent engaging said teeth or serrations,substantially as set forth.

4. A printing or recording telegraph apparatus comprising a receiver'consisting of a number of pivotal type-carrying bars,anum ber ot'electro-magnets, each having its armature mechanically connected to oneof said bars, an impression-cylinder journaled above the type-carryingbars and carrying a drum, a band wound upon said drum, a gravityweightcarried by said band, a guide-plate mounted vertically upon themachine-frame and having the band passing longitudinally of it, and aclam ping-plate and clampingscrew carried vby the guide-plate, theclamping-plate being arranged to engage and clamp the band,substantially as set forth. y

5. A printing or recording telegraph apparatus comprising an impressioncylinder journaled upon the frame of a receiver, a guide plate mountedvertically upon said frame and carrying at one end a friction-roll, aclamping-screw Working through the guideplate, a clamping-plate swiveled'upon the clamping-Screw, a drum carried by the impression-cylinder, anda vweighted band connected to the drum and extending past theguide-plate and also engaged at times bythe clamping-plate,substantially as set forth.

6. A printing or recording apparatus comprising atransmitting-instrument having a key the stem of which is provided withan enlargement or collar, a tubular post surrounding the stem of the keyand having an internal partition, a contactblock located within thepost, a conducting-shell surrounding the collar or enlargement of thekey and also placed in frictional engagement with the enlargement,andalifting-spring surrounding the inner part of the key-stem,substantially as set forth.

7. A printing or recording telegraph apparatus comprising a combinedtransmitter and receiver', consisting of a suitable supportingframework,a nest or circular series of typecarrying levers mounted above the baseof the framework, a circular series of electro-magnets mounted also uponthe base of the framework and immediately below the nest of typeleversand each having an armature-level mechanically connected to one of thetypelevers, a series of keys mounted upon the base of the framework andeach surrounded by a tubular stem having an internal shoul- IOO IIO

IZO

der, a conducting-plug inserted into the lower net of such similarinstrument, substantially xo end of each post and connected electricallyto as set forth. the line, and a conducting-shell located in the Intestimony whereof We aix our signatures upper part of each post andconnected elecin the presence of two Witnesses.

5 trcally also to the line and in electrical eon- ZACHARY T. LILLARD.

tact with the stem of the key, each magnet URSINUS ERHARD. beingseparately connected to the key of a "Witnesses: similar instrument inthe circuit, and each S. N. KERR, key being also separately connected toa mag- JNO. L. CONDRON.

